Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
Syllabus: GS1/History
Context
- The President of India, paid tribute to Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose on his birth anniversary, observed as Parakram Diwas.
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
- Early Life: He was an Indian nationalist leader who played a pivotal role in India’s struggle for independence against British rule.
- He was born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Odisha
- He studied at the University of Calcutta and later went to England for the Indian Civil Services (ICS) exam.
- Political career : He abandoned ICS aspirations to join the Indian National Congress (INC), advocating for complete independence rather than moderate reforms.
- He was Elected INC President in 1938 and 1939 but resigned due to differences with Mahatma Gandhi and other leaders over non-violent strategies.
- Contributions in Freedom struggle: Bose’s vision for India’s freedom was to leverage the support of Axis powers during World War II.
- He escaped from house arrest in India in 1941, travelling through Afghanistan to Germany, where he sought support from Adolf Hitler.
- In 1943, he went to Japan, where he took command of the Indian National Army (INA), which had been formed by Indian prisoners of war and expatriates.
- The INA’s actions and post-war trials had a strong psychological impact, weakening British authority.
- Death: He died in a plane crash in Taiwan in August 1945; circumstances remain mysterious and controversial.
- Legacy: He is remembered as a symbol of courage and determination; numerous institutions, monuments, and awards are named after him.
- In 2018, The Government of India, renamed three islands of the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago as a tribute to Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. They are:
- Ross Island → Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Island
- Neil Island → Shaheed Dweep
- Havelock Island → Swaraj Dweep
- This was done to honor Netaji, who hoisted the tricolour flag on Havelock Island in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago and declared it as India’s first free territory.
Indian Railways Deploys Humanoid Robot ‘ASC ARJUN’
Syllabus: GS2/ Governance
In Context
- Indian Railways has deployed a humanoid robot named ‘ASC ARJUN’ at Visakhapatnam Railway Station.
About
- ASC ARJUN is a humanoid robot that works with the Railway Protection Force (RPF) for security, surveillance and assistance at the station.
- It is fully designed and developed in Visakhapatnam using indigenous, home-grown technology by a dedicated technical team.
Significance
- Enhance safety and security of passengers at a busy station.
- Optimise manpower by taking over routine patrolling and monitoring tasks so RPF staff can focus on critical work.
- Use emerging technologies (AI, IoT, robotics) to improve service delivery and modernise rail operations.
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